Untouchability

Introduction

The concept of untouchability is defined as the practice of alienating people from lower castes and those indulging in specific jobs. The ‘untouchables’ are considered impure and are despised by the so called ‘Upper caste’ people. This is a practice which has prevailed in our society for thousands of years. Many people have come forward and fought for their rights and they even succeeded to some extent.

History of Untouchability in India

The term Dalit for the untouchables is derived from the Sanskrit word dal meaning broken or downtrodden. Some people believe that the system of untouchability only prevails in India but it is also prevalent in countries such as Japan, Tibet and Korea. The classification of castes has been derived from our Vedic texts which bifurcate people into four major groups:

The Brahmnas – Priests and elite people

The Kshtriyas – Warriors

The Vaishyas – Small Businessmen and Merchants

The Shudras –Sanitary workers

These bifurcations of ancient India were made based on caste and profession of the people. Though in today’s times, these people have switched jobs, still a large chunk of population continues the practice of untouchability and despises the lower caste people.

The caste system was originated in various ways. At some places, certain influential groups seized power and declared themselves Brahmans (regarded as the purest caste) in order to suppress the lower castes whereas in most places people of specific groups were considered untouchables from birth.

Today’s Scenario of Untouchability

Today the scenario of untouchability is different from that of ancient India. People are becoming more educated and are adapting to rational thinking. At the time of independence, several movements in favor of abolishment were initiated and as a result, amendments were made in the constitution and the governmental system to accommodate the interests and rights of the oppressed people.

In spite of the constitutional amendments, untouchability and discrimination based on caste still prevails. Often the politicians use this to enhance their vote bank and gain power in the government. The Dalits living in the cities are less vulnerable to this practice of discrimination in today’s era as compared to those living in relatively remote and under developed areas. Generally, people living in villages and other rural areas tend to stick to their traditional beliefs and refuse to accept the changes and improvements made in the society.

What started upon the occupation of a person has become subject to heredity. In a nutshell, this implies that even if a person does not indulge in menial jobs that could earn him the tag of lower caste however if his ancestors were involved in such tasks he would automatically become Untouchable or Dalit.

Conclusion

This is an extremely ancient practice which has its roots firmly entwined to our society and its people. Though difficult, but it is not impossible to change people’s mind and make them see people from all classes as equal and give everyone a fair treatment. This will ensure peace and harmony among the residents of a society and ensure contentment to all.